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Aleksander Sulkiewicz
Aleksander Sulkiewicz - actually Iskander Mirza Huzman Beg Sulkiewicz, (conspiratorial name ''Michał'', sometimes ''Czarny Michał'' (Black Michael)) (born December 8, 1867 in Skersabaliai, Lithuania, died September 18, 1916 near Sitowicze)〔Jan Dzięgielewski, Jacek Biernacki, "Encyklopedia historii Polski: N-Ż" (Encyclopedia of Polish History: N-Ż), Morex, 1995, pg. 432, ()〕 - was a Polish politician of Tatar ethnicity, activist in socialist and independence movements and one of the co-founders of Polish Socialist Party.
==Early life==
Sulkiewicz was born to a Tatar family with a tradition of support for the cause of Polish independence. He was the son of a ''rotmistrz'' (rotamaster) in the Czarist army, Aleksander and Rozalia née Kryczyńska (feminine form of Kryczynski as in Prince Kryczynski; one of the few Tatar families officially acknowledge as princes by the Polish—Lithuanian Diet and the King—Grand Duke).〔Związek Kulturalno-Oświatowy Tatarów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. (Cultural and Educational Organization of Tatars of the Republic of Poland), Rocznik Tatarski, 1932, pg. 228, 310 (), ()〕 He was related to Józef Bielak, a general in the Kościuszko Uprising and one of the most cherished family possessions was a letter from Tadeusz Kościuszko praising and thanking his grandfather for his service.〔Stanisław Wojciechowski, Maria Drozdowska, Marian Marek Drozdowski, "Wspomnienia, orędzia, artykuły", Bellona, 1995, pg. 95, ()〕 As a child he attended a Turkish school in Istanbul, where he came into contact with the Polish emigre community. After the death of his father (around 1877) he came back with his family to Suwałki (in 1800) and later to Sejny, where he continued his studies.
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